Removable hose coupling



1954 w. MARGRAVE REMOVABLE HOSE COUPLING Filed June 14, 1950 Fig. 2

Age 2 United States Patent C REMQVABLE I HQSE- COUPLING i Wilton Margrave sbuthEuclid Qhio, assignor to The- Parker ApplianceCompany; Cleveland; Ohio; a cor-' poration of Ohio.

Applicatio'nJune 14, 1950, sbnan No. 168,105

l Claiin. (Cl; 285 -86)".

This invention relates to' hbseconplihgs andfparticm lady to a 'reuseable' type coupling for rubber hose having a braided wire reinforcement embeddedb'etween. inner" tended for-highpressureinstallationsand is capableof :25 of A" inside'di'ameter may 'havea" burst"'st'rength of withstanding internal fluid pressures of many thousands" ofpounds pressure per 'square inch: Forexample, ahose 18-,000 -p'. s; i. and maybeused'forWorking'pressures as-high as 400010500011. s'.i.

In order'to'efiectively couple hoses of ithis'type itis.

necessary that-at leastone coupling element establishsealing contact with the: innerl'ayen ofrubbenand thatthe elements also obtain a tight *grip upon. thewirebraid to prevent-the hose frompullihg outofithe couplingjwhen' internal fluid pressures areapplied; Inorderitoprovide' a coupling design whiclt is'relativelysimple and inexpensive it" is desirable that both of these functions 'be simultaneously obtained by simply" compressing the hose end fluid pressures encountered; it is difficult to'compre'ss' the hose end enough to obtain suflicientgrip upon" the wire" braid withoutcutting'orotherwise damaging the inner layer of rubber sees prevent theobta'ining' ofazseal, or' without'so' compressing therubb'er 'th'at' it' will besub' period'ofltime; Whenwubbn: is: compressed to seal against'the action of'fluid pressure it..must"be done in such a way thatzcold 'fiow'will' be'minimized; as other wisethe rubber will gradually fiow'awayfrom' the area of high"compression'itoward areas of no orrelat'ively' less compression. When this occurs th'ereis less'chance-that enough compressionis retained inthe sealing area to 'prevent leakage after a periodoftime:

To facilitate the'obtaining or a tight gr-ip uponrthe Wire. braid, the outer layer ot="rubber is strippedtotfthe end"- of'thehose so that thesocketmayi directlyengage'the braid. But in additionitahas beenfoundnece'ssaryto shape and relate" the clamping jsurfaces of the socket and nipple in a particular manner'in order to provide" -satis-' factorysealing andgripping characteristics for thehigh' fluid pressure involved.

In view of theabove it. is an object of the present invention to providea coupling'for'high'pres'sure wire braid reinforced rubber hoseiwh'ich isi simple in design and of a minimum number of parts and which-will provide maximum effectivenessagainst pull-out of the hose and leakage ofthe joint due to highfliiid pressures .within the hose.-

Itds another object to provide a coupling for highpres-- sure--hose having a braided wire enforcement embedded" between inner and outer layers of .rubber; but withx'ithe" portion of the hose to be coupled havingg-the outerl'ayer of rubber stripped otfsoias toibare thewire braid, wherein the coupling parts'gripthe hose"witha'high unit stress over arsubstantial length of the stripped portion.

It is another objecbtmprovide av'reusable coupl-ing for stripped wire braid rubber hose of the type described in which the stripped end of the hose is initially gripped with a high unit clamping pressure which is a maximum at approximately the midpoint of the length of the clamping surfaces and which decreases gradually in both directions therefrom whereby cold flow of rubber from the region of maximum clamping: pressure: to regions of relativelylow clamping pressureswill:betavoidedx It is another objectto' provide a'reusable coupling fon stripped wire braided "hOS'B' COIIIPIiSiIIg atsocket: and nipple in which the sockethas a clamping surface providing teeth for"engaginglthe'stripped wire braid at a distance from" the end" of the ho'se andwherein the effective clamping surface is smooth adjacentztheend of the' hose' so" asto avoid unnecessary unraveling of the 1 wire braid due to rotation of I the hose with'inthe' socket when the nipple is being inserted.

Another object :is. to provide' a reusable coupling: for

stripped wire braided rubber "hose comprising "anipple:

having a relatively long tapered clamping surfacejinsertable. within the hose, and: a socket having a: clamping surface opposed to' the tapered clamping surface:of'the nipple and engageable with the'stripped wire" braid, the"- clamping surface of theso'cket being .formed on a rela= tively long radius ia'nd' so" disposedlthat it'will lie-'closest i to the tapered clamping surfacefof'tlie nipple atapproximately the. midpoint of i the latter? and gradually recede therefrom substantially uniformly iniboth directions-from f1 this midpoint.

Another object is to provide a-hose coupling of'the'typ'e described in 'which the" inner and greater portion of the socket clamping surface is' formed on a -relativelylong radius to provide an extended clampingareal'with only slight and gradual change in'clampingtpressure and-" in which the outerand smaller part of'=the socket clamping"? surface? is formed on a" relatively shortradiusvand' 1 flares" rapidly outwardly to a' diameterapproximately 'that' of." the unstripped part of the *hose 'wherebyan' encompassing ofithe unstripped" portion and'a maximum length" of griporr'the'strip'p'ed portionisobtained with a minimurn length l of socket;

Another object I is. to provide a reusable hose coupling for'the. stripped I end of a wire braided hose in" which. a substantial portion of the stripped hose: end is" clamped between smooth'surfaces'of the' couplin'gandanother portion isi clamped ibetween coupling surfaces! at least one of."

which' is. serrated. or grooved to provideafseries of' grip= ping edges: which may be embedded'in the hose end;

Another object is 'toprovide'i a'reusable' coupling for theistripped en'dof' a wire braided-hose dnwhich the strippedhoseendis:clamped'between a nipple and socket with a imaximum compression at approximately the' rnidpoint'of'the' clamped'zportion' and' in which. the sockethas' gripping ribs of maximumrdepth atia p'ointoutwardlyof. the stated midpoint and graduallydimimshing'in'depth' so asrto merge intofa srnoothrsurface either'at orslightly inwardofthe midpoint, the maxnnum depthof the gripping :ribs' being approximately equal to the'thickness of the wire braid;

Other objects will be" apparent from a more detailed description and from the 'drawings 7 in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal: view, partlyin section, throughthe'couplingewitlrthe parts in the: fullyasssembled position. V

Fignre'2 is an external view of'a portionof'a highipres+ sure; wire braid reinforced rubberihose" with a portion 'of the-outer layer of rubber stripped off-"so as to=bare the wire braidprep'aratory to 'clamping the hose end within the coupling; v

In the "form of the invention as illustrated, thecoupling is composed of"'two'parts; namely a socket 10 an'da nipple 11. The sockethas a'hose receiving chamber 12 outer'layer of rubber 15'has been stripped so'asto expose" duced diameter between its" ends approximating .thatto: the stripped portion-"13hr the hose: The-outer P011101)" 20 of this wall is flared radially outwardly from the reduced diameter to a larger diameter near the outer end of the socket and intersects a short cylindrical counterbore 21 which is of a diameter to receive the unstripped portion of the hose. Flaring of the outer portion 20 is Patented Dec. -21 1 954 accomplished with a relatively short radius A and the curved surface so formed is so disposed as to have a relatively high average slope with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coupling. It thus provides a rapid transition for the hose receiving chamber 12 from a diameter approximately that of the stripped portion 13 of the hose to the larger diameter of the unstripped portion. The inner end of this curved outer portion 20 joins an lnner curved portion 22 of the chamber 12 which is formedpn a relatively large radius B. This inner curved portlon 22 flares outwardly from the reduced diameter to a larger diameter at the inner end of the chamber. The average slope with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coupling is materially less and in an opposite direction than that of the curved outer surface 20.

Intermediate the opposite ends of the two curved surfaces 20 and 22 there is formed a series of gripping ribs 23 which are of a maximum depth near the midsection of the ribbed area and which-are of gradually decreasing depth at the opposite extremities of this area so as to gradually merge into smooth surfaces 24 and 25 which form the opposite ends of the curved surfaces 20 and 22. The ribs 23 may be either annular or spiral.

The nipple 11 is formed with any suitable means 28 at its outer end for connection to a machine element or other part to which the hose assembly is to be attached. The inner end of the nipple includes a threaded section 29 for threading the nipple into the socket. Inwardly of the threaded section there is a smooth tapered clamping surface 30 which terminates in a relatively short cylindrical section 31.

In the assembled position of the coupling the smooth tapered clamping surface 30 of the nipple lies opposite substantially all of the inner curved surface 22 of the socket and opposite at least a portion of the outer curved surface 20. The slope of the tapered surface 30 is uniform and so disposed relative to the wall of the hose receiving chamber 12 that in the assembled position it will lie closest to the wall of the chamber at substantially the midpoint of the smooth tapered portion 30 as indicated at 32. The hose end will thus be clamped with the greatest amount of compression in the region of the point 32. The nipple taper 30 and the wall of the hose receiving chamber 12 are furthermore so shaped and disposed relative to each other that in the final position of the parts the space therebetween will increase gradually on either side of the point 32. In this regard it will be noted that the point 32 is between the ends of the inner curved surface 22. This gradual increase is continued to both ends of the clamping area for the stripped portion of the hose. Thus compression of the hose is greatest at approximately the midpoint of the clamping area and is continued with only a small and gradual decrease towards the extremities of the clamping area whereby a relatively large area of the hose end is subjected to high clamping stress with no sudden decrease in the clamping stress. Since there is no area of relatively low clamping stress closely adjacent the region of highest clamping stress 32, cold flow of rubber with consequent decrease in clamping stress at this region is minimized.

The ribs 23 in the socket provide a series of gripping edges which extend over a substantial part of the bared wire braid for securely retaining the hose end within the coupling. These ribs are preferably formed with a maximum depth substantially equal to the thickness of the wire braid so that at no time can the ribs be embedded to a depth which would cause an excessive crimp or convolution in the braid and result in the cutting through or severing of the inner layer of rubber. Furthermore the depth of the ribs is gradually decreased so that they merge into the smooth portion 25 of the socket chamber wall at a point inward of the point of maximum compression 32. This provides gripping ribs at the point of maximum compression but their depth is reduced to provide a further safeguard against severance of the inner layer of rubber where the rubber is squeezed the thinnest.

Termination of the ribs 23 at or near the midpoint of the clamping area 32 also results in a substantial portion of the hose end being clamped between the smooth inner end of the curved surface 22 and the smooth nipple taper 30. This has the advantage of preventing unraveling of the braided wire reinforcement in the event that the hose turns within the socket during assembly, as would otherwise occur if the gripping ribs were continued to the inner end of the hose receiving chamber 12.

As hereinbefore mentioned, the coupling provides a relatively long gripping area upon the stripped portion of the hose end so as to provide high resistance to pull-out. The clamping surface of the socket across this area is of reduced diameter approximately that of the wire braid. It is desirable that the end of the unstripped portion be contained within the socket and subjected to at least a small amount of compression so as to prevent the access of moisture and other external substances to the stripped portion. In order to receive the unstripped portion, the diameter of the hose receiving chamber 12 is rapidly increased by means of the curved surface 20 of relatively large average slope so that the total overall length of the hose receiving chamber and hence of the socket may be kept to a minimum.

I claim:

A coupling for a hose having inner and outer layers of rubber-like material with a reinforcing material therebetween and in which the outer layer has been stripped off at the end to be coupled, comprising a socket member having a bore therethrough, one end of said bore being threaded and the other end constituting a chamber for receiving the stripped end of the hose, a nipple threaded into said threaded end and having an outer smooth tapered portion converging away from the threaded portion and extending into said chamber from a point adjacent the inner end of said chamber'to a point adjacent the outer end thereof for clamping the hose end against the wall of the chamber, the outerportion of the wall being initially and permanently convexly curved upon a relatively short radius from a smaller diameter at a point intermediate the ends of the chamber to a larger diameter toward the outer end of the chamber, the inner portion of said wall being initially and permanently convexly curved upon a relatively long radius from a smaller diameter at a point intermediate the ends of the chamber to larger diameter toward the inner end of the chamber, said curves meeting at a common point of tangency opposite the smooth tapered portion of the nipple and spaced therefrom and on a diameter substantially corresponding to that of the stripped end of the hose whereby the stripped end of the hose can be telescopically inserted in the socket of the coupling without turning and subsequently expanded and clamped against the convexedly curved surface of the nipple, a part of said inner chamber portion and a part of said outer chamber portion having a series of gripping ribs adjacent the point of tangency, the remaining parts of said inner and outer chamber portions being smooth, the gripping ribs having a maximum depth approximately equal to the thickness of the reenforcing material and of gradually decreasing depth in the direction of both of said smooth parts and laying opposite the smooth outer portion of the nipple whereby the hose will be gripped with maximum compression in the region of the gripping ribs, and the taper of the nipple extending opposite the inner smooth part and all of the gripping ribs for clamping the hose end thereagainst.

References'Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,278,239 Butler Mar. 31, 1942 2,371,971 Main et a1. Mar. 20, 1945 2,441,718 Parker May 18, 1948 2,463,293 Mentel Mar. 1, 1949 2,476,480 Burckle July 19, 1949 2,485,975 Main Oct. 25, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 115,489 Australia June 6, 1941 

